This is an implementation of genetic algorithms that is highly inspired from human's biological evolution. Where certain population is spawn and allowed to perform some task then based on their goodness of task decision is made on whether to use their gene to generate new population. New population is made by 3 ways.
By repeating this for certain generations it happens such that the entities in a population transfer their knowledge to their offsprings and along with slight mutation they start performing well.
Get a better understanding of this project by clicking on this link. Snake AI